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Glazed brick is a beautiful building
material that literally makes a
building sparkle. Architects love glazed brick for their sparkle, for
their wonderful range of colors, and
for the possibility of wonderful
glazed brick shapes. While most of the common
details of masonry construction
apply to construction with glazed
brick, some changes must be made to
these details to allow building a
trouble-free glazed brick veneer.
These changes are necessary because,
unlike other brick, the glaze on the
brick is impervious: neither water
nor water vapor pass through the
glazed surfaces. Because water and
water vapor can not pass through the
glaze, water can be trapped behind
the glaze and the brick may spall
during freezing temperatures. Thus,
some of the details of construction
are changed to provide more barriers
to water entering the walls and to
provide other means to extract water
from the walls.
Before a design in glazed brick
is considered, a number of documents
should be read: Glen-Gery Brickwork
Design Profile 4p7, which addresses
the characteristics of glazed brick
(available from your Glen Gery
dealer), the Brick Institute of
America’s Technical Note of Brick
Construction 13, Ceramic Glazed
Brick Facing for Exterior Walls,
which addresses design
considerations, and a number of
other BIA Tech-Notes listed below.
Sadly, it has been our experience
that single family houses and glazed
brick do not go well together.
Usually there is neither the
necessary technical expertise nor
the necessary finances available to
design and use glazed brick and
there have been failures for these
reasons. Therefore, our second
recommendation is that glazed
brick should not be sold for use on
exterior applications of residential
construction.
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1. |
Cavity wall
(Tech-Note #21) construction
or veneer wall (Tech-Note
#28 & #28D) construction is
mandatory. |
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2. |
Examine the
need for a vapor barrier on
the heated side of the
back-up to the brick. |
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3. |
Free
standing walls, wing walls
and parapets are subject to
increased exposure and great
care is necessary to ensure
that these walls are
designed and constructed
properly. |
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4. |
Detail
flashings at all window and
door heads and sills, at the
bases of air spaces, at
lintels and shelf angles, at
brick shelves, at the top of
walls, and at any change in
cross-section or
construction. |
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5. |
Detail
expansion joints in
accordance with Tech-Notes
#18 and #18A and Equation 2
in Tech-Note #18A |
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6. |
Provide
flexible anchorage to
columns and Beams. |
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7. |
Do not use
glazed brick to cap walls. |
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8. |
Slope glazed
brick sills at least ¼” per
inch and flash below them. |
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9. |
Space open
head joints no more than 24"
apart horizontally at the
top and bottom of each air
space (shelf angle to shelf
angle, for instance).
Stagger these openings. |
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10. |
Do not use
brick below grade. |
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11. |
Use a Type
“N” or Type “S” portland
cement and hydrated lime
mortar meeting the
requirements of BIA M1-88
If you have any questions
regarding glazed brick,
please do not hesitate to
call us. |
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